Gunter's measurement
Gunter’s measurement, sometimes Surveyor’s measurement, is a geodetic system, formerly popular in Britain and its (former) colonies. It was developed in the 17th century by Edmund Gunter and is still in use today in the United States of America.
Gunter used an actual measuring chain of 100 links. These, the chain and the link, have become units of their own.
| SI units | |
|---|---|
| Script error m | Script error cm |
| US customary / Imperial units | |
| Script error yd | Script error ft |
The Gunter’s chain is equal to 4 rods, 22 yards, 66 feet, 1⁄80 of a mile or 20.1168 metres. The rectangular area with edges of one chain and one furlong (10 chains) respectively (ten square chains) is one acre, therefore the chain is sometimes called an acre-breadth.
The length of a cricket pitch is based on this dimension.
| SI units | |
|---|---|
| Script error m | Script error mm |
| US customary / Imperial units | |
| Script error ft | Script error in |
Gunter’s link is 1 chain/100. Thus it is exactly 7.92 inches or 201.168 mm. A square link is exactly one hundred-thousandth of an acre and one ten-thousandth of one square chain or 0.0404685642 m². It is about 62¾ square inches.
In some places other lengths have been used, for example 8.928 inches (ca. 0.227 m) in Scotland and 10.08 inches (ca. 0.256 m) in Ireland.
Chain is usually abbreviated as 'ch.', whereas link becomes either 'l.', 'li.' or 'lnk.'.
An American, similar system of about the same age but lesser popularity is Ramden’s or the engineer’s system, where the chain consists also of 100 links, each one foot (0.3048 m) long. The even less common Rathborn system, also from the 17th century, is based on a chain of two rods (33 feet, 10.0584 m) length, which consists of 100 links, too (1.98 inches, 50.292 mm each), which are called seconds (″), ten of which make a prime (′, 19.8 inches, 0.503 m).
See also
