Marot jar
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File:Marot Jar Diagram.png
A diagram of a simple Marot jar
A Marot jar is a special kind of siphon invented some time during the 1700s. The device is such that the outward liquid flow is always constant. In the diagram, an airtight jar contains a quantity of water (blue) and some air (yellow). The green pipe is started as a siphon so that water starts flowing out of the pipe.
Theory
In a simple siphon, the flow rate will be fast at the beginning and slow towards the end because of the gradually decreasing hydraulic head. In a Marot jar, the flow rate is roughly constant because the hydraulic head relative to the outflow of water is balanced by the hydraulic head relative to the inflow of air.
References
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