Nanofluid
Nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid.[1] The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water , ethylene glycol[2] and oil.
Nanofluids have novel properties that make them potentially useful in many applications in heat transfer, including microelectronics, fuel cells, pharmaceutical processes, and hybrid-powered engines,[3] engine cooling/vehicle thermal management, domestic refrigerator, chiller, heat exchanger, nuclear reactor coolant, in grinding, machining, in space technology, defense and ships, and in boiler flue gas temperature reduction. They exhibit enhanced thermal conductivity and the convective heat transfer coefficient compared to the base fluid.[4]
In analysis such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), nanofluids can be assumed to be single phase fluids. Classical theory of single phase fluids can be applied, where physical properties of nanofluid is taken as a function of properties of both constituents and their concentrations.[5] An alternative approach simulates nanofluids using a two-component model. [6]
Nanofluids are supplied by two methods called the one- and two-step methods.
Smart “Intelligent” Cooling Nanofluids
Realizing the modest thermal conductivity enhancement in conventional nanofluids, a team of researchers at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research Centre, Kalakkam have developed a new class of magnetically polarizable nanofluids where the thermal conductivity enhancement up to 300% of basefluids is demonstrated. Fatty-acid-capped magnetite nanoparticles of different sizes (3-10 nm) have been synthesized. It has been shown that both the thermal and rheological properties of such magnetic nanofluids are tunable by varying the magnetic field strength and orientation with respect to the direction of heat flow. Further, it has been shown that such response stimuli fluids are reversibly switchable and have applications in miniature devices such as micro- and nano-electromechanical system.,[7][8] (http://www.nature.com/nnano/reshigh/2008/0208/full/nnano.2008.38.html; http://nanotechweb.org/cws/article/tech/33659
References
- ↑ Script error
- ↑ "Argonne Transportation Technology R&D Center". http://www.transportation.anl.gov/materials/nanofluids.html. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
- ↑ Script error
- ↑ Script error
- ↑ Script error
- ↑ Script error
- ↑ Script error
- ↑ Script error
European Projects: NanoHex is a European Project developing industrial class nanofluid coolants
| 45px | This fluid dynamics-related article is a stub. You can help Oilfield Wiki by expanding it. |
| 40x30px | This engineering-related article is a stub. You can help Oilfield Wiki by expanding it. |
