Sino-Burma pipelines

Sino-Burma crude oil pipeline
Location
Country	Burma, China
General direction	south–north
From	Kyaukphyu
Passes through	Mandalay, Lashio, Muse, Ruili
To	Kunming
Runs alongside	Sino–Burma natural gas pipeline
General information
Type	oil
Partners	China National Petroleum Corporation Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise
Technical information
Length	771 km (Bad rounding here mi)
Maximum discharge	240 thousand barrels per day (38×10^3 m3/d)

Sino-Burma natural gas pipeline
Location
Country	Burma, China
General direction	south–north
From	Kyaukphyu
Passes through	Mandalay, Lashio, Muse, Ruili, Kunming
To	Guizhou and Guangxi
Runs alongside	Sino–Burma crude oil pipeline
General information
Type	natural gas
Partners	China National Petroleum Corporation Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise
Technical information
Length	2,806 km (Bad rounding here mi)
Maximum discharge	12 billion cubic meters per year

Sino-Burma pipelines refers to planned oil and natural gas pipelines linking Burma's deep-water port of Kyaukphyu (Sittwe) in the Bay of Bengal with Kunming in Yunnan province of China.

History

Talks between China and Burma on the feasibility of the project began in 2004. In December 2005, PetroChina signed a deal with Burma's Government to purchase natural gas over a 30 year period. Based on this agreement, the parent company of PetroChina, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), signed on 25 December 2008 a contract with the Daewoo International-led consortium operating to purchase natural gas from the Shwe field in A-1 offshore block.

The plan to build the oil and gas pipelines was approved by China's National Development and Reform Commission in April 2007. In November 2008, China and Burma agreed to build a US$1.5 billion oil pipeline and US$1.04 billion natural gas pipeline. In March 2009, China and Burma signed an agreement to build a natural gas pipeline, and in June 2009 an agreement to build a crude oil pipeline. The inauguration ceremony marking the start of construction was held on 31 October 2009 on Maday Island.

Route

The oil and natural gas pipelines will run in parallel and start near Kyaukphyu, run through Mandalay, Lashio, and Muse in Burma before entering China at the border city of Ruili in Yunnan province. The oil pipeline, which eventually terminates in Kunming, capital of Yunnan province, will be 771 kilometres (479 mi) long. The natural gas pipeline will extend further from Kunming to Guizhou and Guangxi in China, running a total of 2,806 kilometres (1,700 mi).

Description

The oil pipeline will have a capacity of 12 million tonnes of crude oil per year. It would diversify China's crude oil imports routes from the Middle East and Africa, and avoid traffic through the Strait of Malacca. Oil storage tanks will be built on an island near the port of Kyaukphyu. For oil processing China will build refineries in Chongqing, Sichuan, and in Yunnan.

The gas pipeline will allow delivery of natural gas from Burma's offshore fields to China with an expected annual capacity of up to 12 bcm of natural gas. The pipeline will be supplied from the A-1 and A-3 Shwe oil field. China would start receiving natural gas from Burma's Shwe project through the pipeline in April 2013. The Shwe, Shwe-Phyu, and Mya areas in the A-1 and A-3 blocks, estimated to hold 127–218 bcm of natural gas in total, are operated by a group led by Daewoo International Corp. The operators group also includes Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise, India's Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, GAIL, and Korea Gas Corporation.

The total project of pipelines is expected to cost US$2.5 billion.

A railway that will connect Muse and Lashio is part of the project. The railway will be 80 miles long and will include 41 bridges, 36 underground tunnels and 7 stations.

Operating company

The project will be implemented jointly by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE). CNPC will hold a 50.9% stake and manage the project, and MOGE will own the rest.

Further reading

• "The Geopolitics of the Myanmar-China Oil and Gas Pipelines," by Bo Kong, Pipeline Politics in Asia: The Intersection of Demand, Energy Markets, and Supply Routes, (National Bureau of Asian Research, 2010)