Triethylene glycol

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{{#if:Colorless liquid1.1 g/mL-71464|! style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties
Triethylene glycol
File:Triethylene glycol.png
IUPAC name

2-[2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol

Other names

Triglycol

Identifiers
Abbreviations TEG
CAS number 112-27-6 7pxY
PubChem 8172
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Molecular formula C6H14O4
Molar mass 150.17 g mol−1
Related compounds
Related diols Ethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol
 14pxY (verify) (what is: 10pxY/10pxN?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Triethylene glycol, TEG, or triglycol is a colorless odorless viscous liquid with molecular formula HOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH. It is used as a plasticizer for vinyl. It is also used in air sanitizer products, such as "Oust" or "Clean and Pure." When aerosolized it acts as a disinfectant. Glycols are also used as liquid desiccants for natural gas and in air conditioning systems. It is an additive for hydraulic fluids and brake fluids and is used as a base for "smoke machine" fluid in the entertainment industry.

Properties

Triethylene glycol is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols. It is a colorless, odorless and stable liquid with low viscosity and a high boiling point. Apart from its use as a raw material in the manufacture and synthesis of other products, TEG is known for its hygroscopic quality and its ability to dehumidify fluids. This liquid is miscible with water, and at a pressure of 100 kPa has a boiling point of 285 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -7 degrees C. It is also soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, aldehydes; slightly soluble in diethyl ether; and insoluble in oil, fat and hydrocarbons.

Preparation

TEG is prepared commercially as a co-product of the oxidation of ethylene at high temperature in the presence of silver oxide catalyst, followed by hydration of ethylene oxide to yield mono-, di-, tri- and tetraethylene glycols.

Applications

TEG is used by the oil and gas industry to "dehydrate" natural gas. It may also be used to dehydrate certain other gases[1]. It is necessary to dry natural gas to a certain point, as humidity in natural gas can cause pipelines to freeze, and create other problems for end users of the natural gas. Triethylene glycol is placed into contact with natural gas, and strips the water out of the gas. Triethylene glycol is heated to a high temperature and put through a condensing system, which removes the water as waste and reclaims the TEG for continuous reuse within the system. The waste TEG produced by this process has been found to contain enough benzene to be classified as hazardous waste[2] (benzene concentration greater than 0.5 mg/L).

Triethylene glycol is well established as a relatively mild disinfectant toward a variety of bacteria, influenza A viruses and spores of Penicillium notatum fungi.[3] However, its exceptionally low toxicity, broad materials compatibility, and low odor combined with its antimicrobial properties indicates that it approaches the ideal for air disinfection purposes in occupied spaces.[3] Much of the scientific work with triethylene glycol was done in the 1940s and 1950s, however that work has ably demonstrated the antimicrobial activity against airborne, solution suspension, and surface bound microbes. The ability of triethylene glycol to inactivate Streptococcus pneumoniae (original citation: pneumococcus Type I), Streptococcus pyogenes (original citation: Beta hemolytic streptococcus group A) and Influenza A virus in the air was first reported in 1943.[4] Since the first report the following microorganisms have been reported in the literature to be inactivated in the air: Penicillium notatum spores,[5] Chlamydophila psittaci (original citation: meningopneumonitis virus strain Cal 10 and psittacosis virus strain 6BC),[6] Group C streptococcus[7], type 1 pneumococcus[7], Staphylococcus albus[7], Escherichia coli,[8] and Serratia marcescens Bizio (ATCC 274).[9] Solutions of triethylene glycol are known to be antimicrobial toward suspensions of Penicillium notatum spores,[5] Streptococcus pyogenes (original citation: Beta hemolytic streptococcus group A),[10] Streptococcus pneumoniae (original citation: pneumococcus Type I),[10] Streptococcus pyogenes (original citation: streptococcus Group A Types 1, 12 and 19),[10] Streptococcus viridans,[10] and Mycobacterium bovis (original citation: tubercle bacilli Ravenel bovine-type).[11] Further, the inactivation of H1N1 influenza A virus on surfaces has been demonstrated.[12] The latter investigation suggests that triethylene glycol may prove to be a potent weapon against future influenza epidemics and pandemics.

References

  1. ↑ QB Johnson Manufacturing
  2. ↑ 40 CFR 261.24 ; State of Michigan, Department of Environmental Quality, Waste and Hazardous Materials Division, Hazardous Waste File; Lee 8 Storage Facility, Olivet, MI; March 2009 Inspection and analytical results
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Script error
  4. ↑ Script error
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Script error
  6. ↑ Script error
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Script error
  8. ↑ Script error
  9. ↑ Script error
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Script error
  11. ↑ Script error
  12. ↑ Script error

External links

fa:تری‌اتیلن گلیکول pt:Trietilenoglicol ru:Триэтиленгликоль fi:Trietyleeniglykoli zh:三甘醇


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