{{#if:70.1 g/molclear, colorless liquidC5H100.751 g/cm3−94 °C~45|! style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Properties
Cyclopentane
File:Cyclopentane2d.png File:Cyclopentane3d.png
Identifiers
CAS number 287-92-3 7pxY
PubChem 9253
ChemSpider 8896 7pxY
ChEBI CHEBI:23492 7pxY
RTECS number GY2390000
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Molecular formula C5H10
Molar mass 70.1 g/mol
Appearance clear, colorless liquid
Density 0.751 g/cm3
Melting point

−94 °C

Boiling point

49 °C, 322 K, 120 °F

Acidity (pKa) ~45



Related compounds
Related compounds cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclohexane
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Cyclopentane is a highly flammable alicyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C5H10 and CAS number 287-92-3, consisting of a ring of five carbon atoms each bonded with two hydrogen atoms above and below the plane. It occurs as a colorless liquid with a petrol-like odor. Its melting point is −94 °C and its boiling point is 49 °C. Cyclopentane is in the class of cycloalkanes, being alkanes that have one or more rings of carbon atoms.

File:Cyclopentane3D.png
The typical structure of cyclopentane is the "envelope" conformation.

Industrial usage

Cyclopentane is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins and rubber adhesives and also as a blowing agent in the manufacture of polyurethane insulating foam, as found in many domestic appliances such as refrigerators and freezers, replacing environmentally damaging alternatives such as CFC-11 and HCFC-141b[1]

More advanced technologies, such as computer hard drives and outerspace equipment employ multiply alkylated cyclopentane (MAC) lubricants because of their extremely low volatility.[2]

The United States produces more than half a million kilograms of this chemical per year.

Formulation of cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes can be formulated via a process known as catalytic reforming.

For example, 2-methylbutane can be reformed into cyclopentane, by use of a platinum catalyst. This is particularly well known in automobiles, as branched alkanes will burn much more readily.

References

  1. [1] Greenpeace - Appliance Insulation
  2. [2] Pennzane - lubrication technology
ca:Ciclopentà

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